Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), sirtuins1 (SIRT1), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B), fatty acid synthase (FAS), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts (MAA)
Topical treatments include topical steroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors (such as tacrolimus or pimecrolimus), and topical vitamin D analogs (such as calcipotriene)
Mar 1 2003;21(5):927-931
Lastly, a personalized treatment plan is designed along with an estimated cost per treatment session before siging you up for a treatment
It has even been shown to reduce mucus secretions in people who smoke or who are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke