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HartmannBoyce J, Chepkin SC, Ye W, et al

Bearing these things in mind, then, let us consider the existing cold war between the smoker and the nonsmoker

To minimize risk, use devices from reputable manufacturers, adhere to the manufacturer's guidelines, avoid overcharging batteries, and don't modify the device

For example, smoking negatively impacts the absorption of vitamin D, which leads to higher rates of osteoporosis in smokers than in nonsmokers

While beneficial in the resolution of damage, their dysregulation results in airway remodeling, a chronic inflammatory state, impaired lung function, and disease (Reynolds et al., 2018)