According to the NICE Clinical Knowledge Summary (CKS) and the British National Formulary (BNF) , the standard treatment for B12 deficiency without neurological symptoms involves: Hydroxocobalamin 1 mg intramuscularly three times weekly for two weeks Followed by maintenance doses of 1 mg every three months For patients with neurological symptoms (such as paraesthesia, numbness, cognitive changes, or gait disturbances), more intensive treatment is required: Hydroxocobalamin 1 mg intramuscularly on alternate days until no further improvement occurs Followed by 1 mg every two months for maintenance Pernicious anaemia , an autoimmune condition where the body cannot produce intrinsic factor, requires lifelong treatment
One country noticeably absent from Hegseths list was New Zealand
The 5-Amino-1MQ vs MOTS-c comparison doesn't have to be a choice of one over the other
"I know there are two sides to this," he says, "And to some, injecting drugs might seem quite extreme, but I think, since Covid, people are finding ways to take control of their own health
Schedule: Daily subcutaneous injections in the evening for 812 weeks