doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.157.3.9709027
In a mouse model of electronic cigarette exposure, platelets that were exposed to electronic cigarettes were more hyperactive, with a greater propensity towards aggregation induced by dense alpha granules secretion, and activation of alphaIIb-beta3 receptors and protein kinase B-extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways.83 Moreover, these cells were also less sensitive to prostacyclin-induced inhibition when compared with clean air-exposed cells
Davis, CA: University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources Communication Services
Among Amazonian peoples, shamans consumed tobacco in concentrated forms, as snuff blown through tubes, as liquid drunk through the nose, or as thick pastes absorbed through the skin, in doses far exceeding anything European smokers would later encounter
the scent of ash already prefigured in the rich brown raw material