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LL-37 can forcefully transition the local macrophages into the M2 healing phase, while BPC-157 can trigger the angiogenesis necessary to bring fresh blood supply to the "dead" zone

It may also be part of therapy to treat Leber optic atrophy (an inherited optic neuropathy associated with a deficiency in vitamin B12).

By ensuring adequate B12 levels, injections can improve the appearance and health of skin and hair

Furthermore, vitamin B12 can't be stored over the long term by our bodies, so it has to be consumed regularly to maintain adequate levels

This article from Nature explains more about the science of Exosomes and how they can help with osteoarthritis