Int J Environ Res Public Health, 16 (17), 3164
Tooth root surfaces in smokers have actually been shown to be contaminated by products of smoking such as nicotine, cotinine, acrolein and acetaldehyde, which may inhibit the gum tissue from healing around the roots of teeth as they should
For example, menthol cigarette smokers are likely to be more heavily dependent on nicotine,[46,47, 48] which can consequently reinforce smoking behaviors [42]
These results are in agreement with a previous study that has analyzed this aspect in relation to lung cancer risk.7 Some authors suggest that the increase in smoking intensity is more harmful for light smokers than for heavy smokers9 and that many light smokers decrease their daily consumption because they believe it is safer, when this is not the case.16 Although the pack-years variable takes into account the intensity and duration of consumption together, it is important to assess the impact of these three variables independently
Tobacco use was least common among youth aged 12 to 17, with about four per cent reporting they smoked in 2015, followed by adults 65 or older, at almost 10 per cent
