There is need for the Government to increase Basic Education Assistance Module (BEAM) funds.[107] In its response to Human Rights Watch, the Zimbabwean government referenced the BEAM program as one of its initiatives to address child labor.[108] Programs that provide poor families with a guaranteed monthly incomeoften known as cash transfer programsare a strategy used in many countries to reduce family poverty, increase school enrollment, and reduce child labor.[109] In 2011, Zimbabwes Ministry of Public Service, Labour, and Social Welfare (MPSLSW) introduced a cash transfer program to provide economic support to very poor families.[110] According to the US Department of Labor, cash transfers reached at least 52,000 poor households in 19 districts in 2016, but noted that the scope of Zimbabwes existing programs to target child labor is insufficient to fully address the extent of the problem.[111] Why Children Work In all of the provinces where Human Rights Watch conducted research, regardless of the size of farms or the nature of the work, interviewees explained that children work on tobacco farms in Zimbabwe due to poverty
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The TNCO levels measured by the CI method are at least twice as high for all 100 brands as the levels stated by manufacturers, measured by the ISO method
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